Hacia los territorios inteligentes frente a incendios forestales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/ciudades.24.2021.65-78Palabras clave:
cortafuegos productivos, explotación preventiva, grandes incendios, prevención rentable, sistemas agroforestalesResumen
Ante el creciente impacto de los grandes incendios en las últimas décadas, se presenta el marco conceptual y una nueva herramienta para la planificación participativa del territorio que ayude a mitigar el problema. Se aboga por un enfoque basado en la prevención de los incendios (no sólo en la reacción que supone la extinción) apoyado en los usos del territorio capaces de extraer vegetación potencialmente combustible de forma rentable (explotaciones madereras, ganaderas, agrícolas y mixtas). Se proponen los “cortafuegos productivos” como infraestructura preventiva básica diseñada estratégicamente para evitar la propagación del fuego y capaz al mismo tiempo de dinamizar los territorios rurales despoblados que favorecen los incendios catastróficos.
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Castellnou, Marc; Prat-Guitart, Nuria; Arilla, Etel; Larrañaga, Asier; Nebot, Edgar; Castellarnau, Xavier; Vendrell, Jordi; Pallas, Josep; Herrera, Joan; Monturiol, Marc; Cespedes, José; Pagés, Jordi; Gallardo, Claudi & Miralles, Marta (2019), “Empowering strategic decision-making for wildfire management: avoiding the fear trap and creating a resilient landscape”, Fire Ecology, vol. 15, nº31, pp. 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-019-0048-6
Damianidis, Christos; Santiago-Freijanes, José Javier; den Herder, Michael; Burgess, Paul; Mosquera-Losada, Maria Rosa; Graves, Anil; Papadopoulos, Andreas; Pisanelli, Andrea; Camilli, Francisca; Rois, Mercedes; Kay, Sonja; Palma, Joao & Pantera, Anastasia (2020), “Agroforestry as a sustainable land use option to reduce wildfires risk in European Mediterranean áreas”, Agroforestry Systems. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00482-w
Dupuy, Jean Luc; Fargeon, Helene; Martin-St.Paul, Nicolás; Pimont, Francois; Ruffault, Juien; Guijarro, Mercedes; Hernando, Carmen; Madrigal, Javier & Fernandes, Paulo (2020), “Climate change impact on future wildfire danger and activity in southern Europe: a review”, Annals of Forest Science, vol. 77, nº35, pp. 1-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201910.0200.v1
Loepfe, Lasee; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi; Oliveres, Jordi; Piñol, Josep & Lloret, Francisco (2010), “Feedbacks between fuel reduction and landscape homogenisation determine fire regimes in three Mediterranean areas”, Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 259, nº12, pp. 2.366-2.374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.009
Loepfe, Lasee; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi & Piñol, Joan (2012), “Management alternatives to offset climate change effects on Mediterranean fire regimes in NE Spain”, Climatic Change, vol. 115, nº3-4, pp. 693-707. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0488-3
Madrigal, Javier; Romero-Vivó, Mario & Rodríguez y Silva, Francisco (2019), Definición y recomendaciones técnicas en el diseño de Puntos Estratégicos de Gestión. “Decálogo de Valencia” para la defensa integrada frente a los incendios en la gestión del mosaico agroforestal, Valencia, Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales. Disponible en: http://www.agroambient.gva.es/documents/162905929/164277177/Dec%C3%A1logo+Valencia+Jornada+PEG/510265c0-fd5e-48b6-bba2-d3038264a134 (fecha de referencia: 21-09-2020)
Montiel, Cristina (2013), “Comparative assessment of wildland fire legislation and policies in the European Union: Towards a Fire Framework Directive”, Forest Policy and Economics, vol. 29, pp 1-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2012.11.006
Montiel, Cristina & Galiana, Luis (2016), “Fire scenarios in Spain: a territorial approach to proactive fire management in the context of global change”, Forests, vol. 7, nº11, pp. 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f7110273
Moreira, Francisco & Pe'er, Guy (2018), “Agricultural policy can reduce wildfires”, Science, vol. 359, nº6379, pp. 1.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat1359
Moreira, Francisco & Russo, Danilo (2007), “Modelling the impact of agricultural abandonment and wildfires on vertebrate diversity in Mediterranean Europe”, Landscape ecology, vol. 22, nº10, pp. 1.461-1.476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-007-9125-3
Moreira, Francisco; Viedma, Olga; Arianoutsou, Margatrita; Curt, Thomas; Koutsias, Nikos; Rigolot, Eric; Barbati, A.; Corona, Permaria; Xanthopoulos, Gavriil; Mouillot, Florent & Bilgili, Ertrugul (2011), “Landscape–wildfire interactions in southern Europe: implications for landscape management”, Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 92, nº10, pp. 2.389-2.402. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.028
Moreira, Francisco; Ascoli, Davide; Safford, Hugh; Adams, Mark; Moreno, José Manuel; Pereira, José; … & Fernandes, Paulo (2020), “Wildfire management in Mediterranean-type regions: paradigm change needed”, Environmental Research Letters, vol. 15, nº1, pp. 1-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab541e
Oliveira, Tiago; Barros, Ana; Ager, Alan & Fernandes, Paulo (2016), “Assessing the effect of a fuel break network to reduce burnt area and wildfire risk transmission”, International Journal of Wildland Fire, vol. 25, nº6, pp. 619-632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/WF15146
Oliveira, Tiago; Guiomar, Nuno; Baptista, Fernando; Pereira, Jose & Claro, Joao (2017), “Is Portugal’s forest transition going up in smoke?”, Land Use Policy, vol. 66, pp. 214-226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.046
Quintero, Natalia; Viedma, Olga; Urbieta, Itziar & Moreno, José Manuel (2019), “Assessing Landscape Fire Hazard by Multitemporal Automatic Classification of Landsat Time Series Using the Google Earth Engine in West-Central Spain”, Forests, vol. 10, nº6, pp. 1-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f10060518
Salis, Michele, Del Giudice, Liliana; Arca, Bachisio; Ager, Alan; Alcasena-Urdiroz, Fermín; Lozano, Olga; Bacciu, Valentina; Spano, Donatella & Duce, Pierpaolo (2018), “Modeling the effects of different fuel treatment mosaics on wildfire spread and behavior in a Mediterranean agro-pastoral area”, Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 212, pp. 490-505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.020
Suyanto, S.; Permana, Rizki; Khususiyah, Noviana & Joshi, Laxman (2005), “Land tenure, agroforestry adoption, and reduction of fire hazard in a forest zone: A case study from Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia”, Agroforestry Systems, vol. 65, nº1, pp. 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-004-1413-1
Syphard, Alexandra; Keeley, John & Brennan, Teresa (2011), “Comparing the role of fuel breaks across southern California national forests”, Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 261, nº11, pp. 2.038-2.048. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.030
Varela, Elsa; Górriz-Mifsud, Elena; Ruiz-Mirazo, Jabier & López-i-Gelats, Feliu (2018), “Payment for targeted grazing: integrating local shepherds into wildfire prevention”, Forests, vol. 9, nº8, pp. 1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f9080464
Varela, Elsa; Pulido, Fernando; Moreno, Gerardo & Zavala, Miguel Ángel (2020), “Targeted policy proposals for managing spontaneous forest expansion in the Mediterranean”, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 57, nº12, pp. 2.373-2.380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13779
Viedma, Olga; Urbieta, Itziar & Moreno, José Manuel (2018), “Wildfires and the role of their drivers are changing over time in a large rural area of west-central Spain”, Scientific reports, vol. 8, nº1, pp. 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36134-4
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Publicado
12/05/2021
Cómo citar
Pulido, F. (2021). Hacia los territorios inteligentes frente a incendios forestales. Ciudades, (24), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.24197/ciudades.24.2021.65-78
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Sección monográfica
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