Effects of screen size on subtitle layout preferences and comprehension across devices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/her.22.2020.157-182Palabras clave:
Accesibilidad, nuevas tecnologías, legibilidad, tamaño de pantalla, subtítulosResumen
Esta investigación analiza los efectos que el tamaño de pantalla puede tener en las preferencias y en la comprensión de material audiovisual subtitulado. Treinta participantes vieron tres fragmentos de vídeo en tres dispositivos con distintos tamaños de pantalla (monitor, tableta y smartphone). Tras ver los fragmentos, los participantes respondieron a una serie de cuestionarios de preferencias y comprensión. A través del análisis de la recepción de los subtítulos en diferentes tamaños de pantalla, esta investigación tiene por objeto aportar nuevas pruebas empíricas sobre las necesidades y preferencias de los espectadores. Los resultados muestran que el dispositivo que se percibe con los efectos más negativos es el smartphone, lo que plantea la necesidad de seguir investigando los dispositivos con pantallas más pequeñas para mejorar la lectura de los subtítulos y adaptarlos en función del tamaño.
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BBC (2017), BBC Subtitles Guidelines, from http://bbc.github.io/subtitle-guidelines/#Line-breaks (accessed 11/10/2017).
Castellà, Judit, Andreu Oliver, Olivia Gerber, and Olga Soler (2016, May), Smartphone, Tablet or PC: Which one is better to watch your favourite subtitled film? Paper presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Granada (Spain).
D’Ydewalle, Géry, Johan Van Rensbergen, and Joris Pollet (1987), “Reading a message when the same message is available auditorily in another language: The case of subtitling, in John K. O’Regan, and Ariane Lévy-Schoen (eds.), Eye Movements: From Psychology to Cognition, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier Science, pp. 313-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-70113-8.50047-3.
Day, Richard R., and Jeong-suk Park, (2005), “Developing reading comprehension questions”, Reading in Foreign Language, 17(1), pp. 60–73.
Described and Captioned Media Program (2017). DCMP Captioning Key. The Described and Captioned Media Program, retrieved from http://www.captioningkey.org/ (accessed 11/10/2017).
Gambier, Yves (2009), “Challenges in research on audiovisual translation” in Anthony Pym and Alexander Perekrestenko (eds.), Translation Research Projects 2 (pp. 17–25), Tarragona, Spain, Intercultural Studies Group, pp. 17-25.
Gottlieb, Henrik (1992), “Subtitling. A new university discipline”, in Cay Dollerup and Anne Loddegaard (eds.), Teaching Translation and Interpreting 1. Training, Talent and Experience. Papers from the First Language International Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins, pp. 161-170. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1075/z.56.26got.
Karamitroglou, Fotios (1998), “A proposed set of subtitling standards in Europe”, in Translation Journal, 2, retrieved from http://trans lationjournal.net/journal/04stndrd.htm (accessed 1/10/ 2017).
Kim, Ki J., Shyam S. Sundar, and Eunil Park (2011), “The effects of screen-size and communication modality on psychology of mobile device users”, in Desney Tan and Bo Begole (eds.), CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '11), New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1207-1212. DOI: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1979742.1979749.
Lavaur, Jean-Marc., and Dominique Bairstow (2011), “Languages on the screen: is film comprehension related to the viewers’ fluency level and to the language in the subtitles?”, International Journal of Psychology: Journal International de Psychologie, 46(6), pp. 455-462. DOI:10.1080/00207594.2011.565343.
Lombard, Matthew, Theresa B. Ditton, Maria E. Grabe, and Robert D. Reich (1997), “The role of screen size in viewer responses to television fare”, Communication Reports, 10(1), pp. 95-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08934219709367663.
Maniar, Nipan, Emily Bennett, Steve Hand and G. Allan (2008). “The effect of mobile phone screen size on video based learning”, Journal of Software, 3(4), pp. 51-61. DOI: https://doi.org.10.4304/jsw. 3.4.51-61.
Media Access Australia, (2012), Captioning Guidelines, from https://mediaaccess.org.au/practical-web-access ibility/media/caption -guidelines (accessed 10/10/2017).
Messerlin, Patrick A., Stephen E. Siwek, and Emmanuel Cocq (2005), The Audiovisual Services Sector in the GATS Negotiations, Washington, DC, American Enterprise Institute Press.
Ofcom, Code on Television Access Services, (2017), retrieved from https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/97040/Acce ss-service-code-Jan-2017.pdf (accessed 1/10/2017).
Palen, Leysa, Marilyn Salzman and Edward Youngs (2000), “Going Wireless: Behavior and Practice of New Mobile Phone Users”, in Wendy Kellog and Steve Whittaker (eds.), Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, New York, NY, Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 201-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.358991.
Perego, E. (2005), La traduzione audiovisiva, Roma, Italy, Carocci editore.
Perego, E. (2008). “What would we read best? Hypotheses and suggestions for the location of line breaks in film subtitles”, The Sign Language Translator and Interpreter, 2, pp. 35-63.
Perego, E., F. del Missier, M. Porta and M. Mosconi (2010), “The Cognitive Effectiveness of Subtitle Processing”, Media Psychology, 13(3), pp. 243-272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.20 10.502873.
Romero-Fresco, Pablo (ed.) (2015), The Reception of Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing in Europe. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang AG. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0888-0.
Szarkowska, Agniezska, Monika Laskowska, Andreu Oliver, Olga Pilipczuk (2015), Reading subtitles across devices: A study into the differences in reading patterns of people watching subtitled videos on smartphone, tablet and computer screen, conference paper presented at the International Conference on Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics, Warsaw, Poland, 21-22 September 2015.
FILM CREDITS
Hodejegerne (2011), dir. Mortem Tyldum, Noruega, Nordisk Film, ARD degeto.
BBC (2017), BBC Subtitles Guidelines, from http://bbc.github.io/subtitle-guidelines/#Line-breaks (accessed 11/10/2017).
Castellà, Judit, Andreu Oliver, Olivia Gerber, and Olga Soler (2016, May), Smartphone, Tablet or PC: Which one is better to watch your favourite subtitled film? Paper presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Granada (Spain).
D’Ydewalle, Géry, Johan Van Rensbergen, and Joris Pollet (1987), “Reading a message when the same message is available auditorily in another language: The case of subtitling, in John K. O’Regan, and Ariane Lévy-Schoen (eds.), Eye Movements: From Psychology to Cognition, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier Science, pp. 313-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-70113-8.50047-3.
Day, Richard R., and Jeong-suk Park, (2005), “Developing reading comprehension questions”, Reading in Foreign Language, 17(1), pp. 60–73.
Described and Captioned Media Program (2017). DCMP Captioning Key. The Described and Captioned Media Program, retrieved from http://www.captioningkey.org/ (accessed 11/10/2017).
Gambier, Yves (2009), “Challenges in research on audiovisual translation” in Anthony Pym and Alexander Perekrestenko (eds.), Translation Research Projects 2 (pp. 17–25), Tarragona, Spain, Intercultural Studies Group, pp. 17-25.
Gottlieb, Henrik (1992), “Subtitling. A new university discipline”, in Cay Dollerup and Anne Loddegaard (eds.), Teaching Translation and Interpreting 1. Training, Talent and Experience. Papers from the First Language International Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins, pp. 161-170. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1075/z.56.26got.
Karamitroglou, Fotios (1998), “A proposed set of subtitling standards in Europe”, in Translation Journal, 2, retrieved from http://trans lationjournal.net/journal/04stndrd.htm (accessed 1/10/ 2017).
Kim, Ki J., Shyam S. Sundar, and Eunil Park (2011), “The effects of screen-size and communication modality on psychology of mobile device users”, in Desney Tan and Bo Begole (eds.), CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '11), New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1207-1212. DOI: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1979742.1979749.
Lavaur, Jean-Marc., and Dominique Bairstow (2011), “Languages on the screen: is film comprehension related to the viewers’ fluency level and to the language in the subtitles?”, International Journal of Psychology: Journal International de Psychologie, 46(6), pp. 455-462. DOI:10.1080/00207594.2011.565343.
Lombard, Matthew, Theresa B. Ditton, Maria E. Grabe, and Robert D. Reich (1997), “The role of screen size in viewer responses to television fare”, Communication Reports, 10(1), pp. 95-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08934219709367663.
Maniar, Nipan, Emily Bennett, Steve Hand and G. Allan (2008). “The effect of mobile phone screen size on video based learning”, Journal of Software, 3(4), pp. 51-61. DOI: https://doi.org.10.4304/jsw. 3.4.51-61.
Media Access Australia, (2012), Captioning Guidelines, from https://mediaaccess.org.au/practical-web-access ibility/media/caption -guidelines (accessed 10/10/2017).
Messerlin, Patrick A., Stephen E. Siwek, and Emmanuel Cocq (2005), The Audiovisual Services Sector in the GATS Negotiations, Washington, DC, American Enterprise Institute Press.
Ofcom, Code on Television Access Services, (2017), retrieved from https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/97040/Acce ss-service-code-Jan-2017.pdf (accessed 1/10/2017).
Palen, Leysa, Marilyn Salzman and Edward Youngs (2000), “Going Wireless: Behavior and Practice of New Mobile Phone Users”, in Wendy Kellog and Steve Whittaker (eds.), Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, New York, NY, Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 201-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.358991.
Perego, E. (2005), La traduzione audiovisiva, Roma, Italy, Carocci editore.
Perego, E. (2008). “What would we read best? Hypotheses and suggestions for the location of line breaks in film subtitles”, The Sign Language Translator and Interpreter, 2, pp. 35-63.
Perego, E., F. del Missier, M. Porta and M. Mosconi (2010), “The Cognitive Effectiveness of Subtitle Processing”, Media Psychology, 13(3), pp. 243-272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.20 10.502873.
Romero-Fresco, Pablo (ed.) (2015), The Reception of Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing in Europe. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang AG. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0888-0.
Szarkowska, Agniezska, Monika Laskowska, Andreu Oliver, Olga Pilipczuk (2015), Reading subtitles across devices: A study into the differences in reading patterns of people watching subtitled videos on smartphone, tablet and computer screen, conference paper presented at the International Conference on Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics, Warsaw, Poland, 21-22 September 2015.
FILM CREDITS
Hodejegerne (2011), dir. Mortem Tyldum, Noruega, Nordisk Film, ARD degeto.
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Publicado
01/02/2021
Cómo citar
Gerber-Morón, O., Soler-Vilageliu, O., & Castellà, J. (2021). Effects of screen size on subtitle layout preferences and comprehension across devices. Hermēneus. Revista De traducción E interpretación, (22), 157–182. https://doi.org/10.24197/her.22.2020.157-182
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