New professions and TICS in tourism organizations: Occupations, profiles and skills
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/st.Extra_1.2021.188-208Keywords:
New STEM professions in tourism, digital skills, digital transition of tourism, tourism and technologyAbstract
Emerging occupations and jobs are identified in the new professions related to STEAM areas, within the tourism sector; considered one of the most influenced by ICTs in the last two decades. Tasks that have been proven to strengthen a new business technological value chain, and whose processes are assumed from the company's internal and external logistics, operations, marketing and services revalue the tourism product. In other words, processes that characterize new roles and technological competencies, which must be considered in specialized training
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References
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Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Law, R., & Zhang, Z. (2019). Posting reviews on OTAs: Motives, rewards and effort. Tourism Management, 70, 230-237.
McCarthy, L., Stock, D., & Verma Ph D, R. (2010). How travelers use online and social media channels to make hotel-choice decisions.
Munar, A. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2013). Trust and involvement in tourism social media and web-based travel information sources. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 13(1), 1-19.
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OMT. (2014). Handbook on E-marketing for Tourism Destinations. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.
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Palang, D., & Tippayawong, K. Y. (2019). Performance evaluation of tourism supply chain management: the case of Thailand. Business Process Management Journal.
Pan, B., Xiang, Z., Law, R., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2011). The dynamics of search engine marketing for tourist destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 50, 365-377.
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Park, J., & Oh, I. K. (2012). A case study of social media marketing by travel agency: The salience of social media marketing in the tourism industry. International Journal of Tourism Sciences, 12(1), 93-106.
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Rashideh, W. (2020). Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104125.
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Urteaga, E. (2014). Percepción estudiantil de la ciencia y tecnología en el País Vasco. Sociologia y Tecnociencia, 4(1), 58.
Vyas, C. (2019). Evaluating state tourism websites using Search Engine Optimization tools. Tourism Management, 73, 64-70.
World Travel & Tourism Council. (2020, Junio 8). Retrieved from https://wttc.org/Research/Economic-Impact
Xiang, Z., & Pan, B. (2011). Travel queries on cities in the United States: Implications for search engine marketing for tourist destinations. Tourism Management, 32(1), 88-97.
Yang, X., Pan, B., Evans, J. A., & Lv, B. (2015). Forecasting Chinese tourist volume with search engine data. Tourism Management, 46, 386-397.
Yılmaz, Y., & Bititci, U. S. (2006). Performance measurement in tourism: a value chain model. International journal of contemporary hospitality management.
Buhalis, D., & Amaranggana, A. (2013). Smart tourism destinations. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2014 (pp. 553-564). Springer, Cham.
Cavada, D., Elahi, M., Massimo, D., Maule, S., Not, E., Ricci, F., & Venturini, A. (2018). Tangible tourism with the internet of things. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2018 (pp. 349-361). Springer, Cham.
-
Cranmer, E. E., tom Dieck, M. C., & Fountoulaki, P. (2020). Exploring the value of augmented reality for tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, 100672.
Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press, New York, 33-61.
Del Vecchio, P., Mele, G., Ndou, V., & Secundo, G. (2018). Creating value from social big data: Implications for smart tourism destinations. Information Processing & Management, 54(5), 847-860.
Delacy Executive Recruitment. (2020, 03 24). Delacy Executive Recruitment. Obtenido de https://www.delacyexecutive.co.uk/career-profiles/product-support-specialist
EAR Business School, Asociación Española de directores de RRHH, foro inserta y Human Age Institute (2019) Informe EPyCE Posiciones y competencias más demandadas.
EUROSTAT. (2020) EUROSTAT. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ statistics-explained/index.php/Accommodation_and_food_service_statistics_ NACE_Rev._2
Femenia Serra, F. & Perea Medina, M. J. (2016). Analysis of three Spanish potential smart tourism destinations. In En 6th International Conference on Tourism: New Challenges and boundaries in tourism: policies, innovations and strategie. Nápoles, Del (Vol. 29).
Fesenmaier, D., Xiang, Z., Pan, B., & Law, R. (2010). An analysis of search engine use for travel planning. na.
Fuchs, M., Höpken, W., & Lexhagen, M. (2014). Big data analytics for knowledge generation in tourism destinations–A case from Sweden. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 3(4), 198-209.
Glassdoor. (2020, 03 24). Glassdoor. Obtenido de https://www.glassdoor.com/Job-Descriptions/Product-Designer.htm
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., & Koo, C. (2015). Smart tourism: foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 179-188.
Han, D. I., Jung, T., & Gibson, A. (2013). Dublin AR: implementing augmented reality in tourism. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2014 (pp. 511-523). Springer, Cham.
Hao, J. X., Yu, Y., Law, R., & Fong, D. K. C. (2015). A genetic algorithm-based learning approach o understand customer satisfaction with OTA websites. Tourism Management, 48, 231-241.
HOSTELTUR. (2019). Empleos híbridos del mañana. Palma de Mallorca: Ideas y Publicidad de Baleares, S.L.
HOTREC. (2020, 03 30). Retrieved from https://www.hotrec.eu/facts-figures-2/
Huang, L. (2012). Social media as a new play in a marketing channel strategy: Evidence from Taiwan travel agencies' blogs. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 17(6), 615-634.
Indeed. (2020, 03 24). Indeed. Obtenido de https://www.indeed.com/hire/job-description/front-end-developer
Inversini, A., & Masiero, L. (2014). Selling rooms online: The use of social media and online travel agents. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
INESDI Digital Business School, Digital Advantage, & Íncipy. (2019). top 25 profesiones digitales. Recuperado de https://www.inesdi.com/descargas/Inesdi-Top-25-Profesiones-Digitales-2019.pdf
Jiménez, A. (2018). “Turismo y empleo: luces y sombras”. Harvard Deusto business review, (284), 32-38.
Jobhero. (2020, 03 25). Jobhero. Obtenido de https://www.jobhero.com/job-description/examples/transportation/reservations-agent
Job Description. (2020, 04 05). Job Description. Obtenido de http://www.jobdescription.org/travel-writer.html
Kaur, G. (2017). The importance of digital marketing in the tourism industry. International Journal of Research-Granthaalayah, 5(6), 72.
Koo, B., Mantin, B., & O'Connor, P. (2011). Online distribution of airline tickets: Should airlines adopt a single or a multi-channel approach?. Tourism Management, 32(1), 69-74.
Kontogianni, A., & Alepis, E. (2020). Smart tourism: State of the art and literature review for the last six years. Array, 6, 100020.
Leung, X. Y., Bai, B., & Stahura, K. A. (2015). The marketing effectiveness of social media in the hotel industry: A comparison of Facebook and Twitter. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 39(2), 147-169.
Li, J., Xu, L., Tang, L., Wang, S., & Li, L. (2018). Big data in tourism research: A literature review. Tourism Management, 68, 301-323.
Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Law, R., & Zhang, Z. (2019). Posting reviews on OTAs: Motives, rewards and effort. Tourism Management, 70, 230-237.
McCarthy, L., Stock, D., & Verma Ph D, R. (2010). How travelers use online and social media channels to make hotel-choice decisions.
Munar, A. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2013). Trust and involvement in tourism social media and web-based travel information sources. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 13(1), 1-19.
Murphy, H. C., & Kielgast, C. D. (2008). Do small and medium‐sized hotels exploit search engine marketing?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Noone, B. M., McGuire, K. A., & Rohlfs, K. V. (2011). Social media meets hotel revenue management: Opportunities, issues and unanswered questions. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 10(4), 293-305.
OECD. (2020, 2001). OECD. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/spain/2543213.pdf
OECD. (2020, 3 5). OECD. Retrieved from Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/f528d444-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/f528d444-en
OMT. (2020, Junio 8). Organización Mundial del Turismo. Obtenido de https://webunwto.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2020-01/UNWTO_Barom20_01_January_excerpt.pdf
OMT. (2014). Handbook on E-marketing for Tourism Destinations. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.
OSTELEA. (2020, 06 22). OSTELEA. Obtenido de https://www.ostelea.com/actualidad/blog-turismo/soft-skills-las-habilidades-mas-demandadas-en-turismo
Palacios, J. A., & Grajeda, J. E. B. (2016). Ética y sustentabilidad en las ciudades del turismo: un acercamiento desde la teoría de los sistemas autopiéticos. Sociología y tecnociencia: Revista digital de sociología del sistema tecnocientífico, 2(6), 56-70.
Palang, D., & Tippayawong, K. Y. (2019). Performance evaluation of tourism supply chain management: the case of Thailand. Business Process Management Journal.
Pan, B., Xiang, Z., Law, R., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2011). The dynamics of search engine marketing for tourist destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 50, 365-377.
Porter, M. (1985). The value chain and competitive advantage, Chapter 2 in Competitive Advantage:
Porter, M. E., & Michael; ilustraciones Gibbs. (2001). Strategy and the Internet.
Park, J., & Oh, I. K. (2012). A case study of social media marketing by travel agency: The salience of social media marketing in the tourism industry. International Journal of Tourism Sciences, 12(1), 93-106.
Radukić, S., & Kostić, Z. The impact of disruption and disruptive innovation on business environment. Scientific Papers Vol. 35.1, 23(1), 233.
Rashideh, W. (2020). Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104125.
Rayport, J. F. (2020, 05 12). Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from Harvard Business Review: https://hbr.org/1995/11/exploiting-the-virtual-value-chain
Riera, C., & Iijima, J. (2017, November). How Do Japanese SMEs Generate Digital Business Value from SMACIT Technologies with Knowledge Creation?. In International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering, and Knowledge Management (pp. 360-382). Springer, Cham.
Rivera, J. P. R., & Gutierrez, E. L. M. (2019). A framework toward sustainable ecotourism value chain in the Philippines. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 20(2), 123-142.
Shafiee, M. M., Rahimzadeh, S., & Haghighizade, R. (2016, April). The effect of implementing SEO techniques and websites design methods on e-tourism development. In 2016 10th International Conference on e-Commerce in Developing Countries: with focus on e-Tourism (ECDC) (pp. 1-8). IEEE.
Shmarkov, M. S., Shmarkova, L. I., & Shmarkova, E. A. (2019, May). Digital technologies in the organization and management of tourist organizations. In 1st International Scientific Conference" Modern Management Trends and the Digital Economy: from Regional Development to Global Economic Growth"(MTDE 2019). Atlantis Press.
Sigalat-Signes, E., Calvo-Palomares, R., Roig-Merino, B., & García-Adán, I. (2020). Transition towards a tourist innovation model: The smart tourism destination: Reality or territorial marketing?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 5(2), 96-104.
TalentLyft. (2020, 03 22). Talent Lyft. Obtenido de https://www.talentlyft.com/en/resources/network-manager-job-description
Toh, R. S., Raven, P., & DeKay, F. (2011). Selling rooms: Hotels vs. third-party websites. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 52(2), 181-189.
Toolbox. (2020, 04 20). Toolbox. Obtenido de https://www.toolbox.com/marketing/marketing-careers-skills/articles/marketing-automation-manager-role-skill-set-and-job-description/
Urteaga, E. (2014). Percepción estudiantil de la ciencia y tecnología en el País Vasco. Sociologia y Tecnociencia, 4(1), 58.
Vyas, C. (2019). Evaluating state tourism websites using Search Engine Optimization tools. Tourism Management, 73, 64-70.
World Travel & Tourism Council. (2020, Junio 8). Retrieved from https://wttc.org/Research/Economic-Impact
Xiang, Z., & Pan, B. (2011). Travel queries on cities in the United States: Implications for search engine marketing for tourist destinations. Tourism Management, 32(1), 88-97.
Yang, X., Pan, B., Evans, J. A., & Lv, B. (2015). Forecasting Chinese tourist volume with search engine data. Tourism Management, 46, 386-397.
Yılmaz, Y., & Bititci, U. S. (2006). Performance measurement in tourism: a value chain model. International journal of contemporary hospitality management.
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Published
03/03/2021
How to Cite
BERMÚDEZ-TOBÓN, J. E., & S RUBIO-GIL, M. ÁNGELE. (2021). New professions and TICS in tourism organizations: Occupations, profiles and skills. Sociología Y Tecnociencia, 11(Extra_1), 188–208. https://doi.org/10.24197/st.Extra_1.2021.188-208
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