Joint Investigation Teams: contested issues and suggestions on the need for a new legal framework in Spain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/ree.85.2025.346-429Keywords:
Joint Investigation Team, Framework Decision 2002/465/JHA, Act 11/2003, judicial cooperation in criminal matters, Area of Freedom Security and JusticeAbstract
Framework Decision 2002/465/JHA was transposed in Spain in Act 11/2003, of 21 May, regulating joint criminal investigation teams within the European Union. At the time of its adoption, it was a pioneering piece of legislation to combat cross-border crime, especially in the fight against terrorism. However, its limited territorial scope of application, as well as the unusual dual, asymmetrical and inhomogeneous system for setting up the teams it establishes, among other singularities of our legal system, are hindering the desirable widespread application by the Spanish authorities, in a context of growing challenges in the fight against organised crime, especially for a country like Spain, geostrategically located in one of the five criminal axes of the European continent. This contribution analyses the main controversial issues and dysfunctions observed in practice, while making proposals for improvement for a future legal framework in Spain.
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