Indonesian Forced-Labour Crew in Chinese Vessel: A Human Rights Perspective
Keywords:
Forced labour; Human rights; International Labour Organization.Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to explore the human rights perspective of the recent case of forced-labor Indonesian ship crew in Chinese vessels. Qualitative research methods were used in this research. The data will be collected from related documents such as conventions, laws books, legal journals, and others relevant data associated with the main issue of this research. The data was analyzed by using human rights and international law perspectives, as the legal basis of this research. This research reveals that the Chinese vessel violated the Indonesian ship crew’s human rights. This was found to be an act of slavery indirectly and also was considered as discrimination against certain races where their rights as a human being and laborers were kept deprived in comparison with other ship crew members.
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Akehurst’s, M., (1997). Modern Introduction to International Law. London: Routledge.
Alston, P., (2004). ‘Core labour standards’ and the transformation of the international labour rights regime. European Journal of International Law, 15(3), pp.457-521.
Anker, R., Chernyshev, I., Egger, P. and Mehran, F., (2003). Measuring decent work with statistical indicators. International Law Lab. Review, 14(2), p.147.
Aust, A., (2010). Handbook of international law. London: Cambridge University Press.
Dewi, M.S.K., Landra, P.T.C., & Wisanjaya, I.G.P.E. Perlindungan terhadap Tenaga Kerja di Indonesia dari Perspektif Konvensi ILO (International Labour Organization) Nomor 105 dan Nomor 182. Kertha Negara: Journal Ilmu Hukum, 5(1).
Fajar, T. (2020, Mei 7). ABK Indonesia di kapal China: Indonesia minta Beijing selidiki dan desak perusahaan kapal penuhi tanggung jawab pada para awak. BBC News Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-52568849.
Ghai, D. (2003). Decent work: Concept and indicators. International Laboratorium Review, 14(2), p.113.
Gutoff, J.M. (2006). Fugitive slaves and ship-jumping sailors: the enforcement and survival of coerced labour. U. Pa. Jornal of Labor and Employment Law, 9(1), pp. 87-116.
Heyder, A., & Callistasia, W. (2020, Mei 7) ABK Indonesia di kapal China: 'Tidur hanya tiga jam, makan umpan ikan', hingga pengalaman pahit yang sulit dilupakan melarung jenazah teman. BBC News Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-52466661.
International Labour Organization. (2014). Forced and compulsory labour in international human rights law. Geneva: Swepston, L
Iskandar, P. (2012). Hukum HAM Internasional: Sebuah Pengantar Kontekstual. Institute for Migrant Rights.
Khairunnisa, S., & Agus Pramono, S., (2016). Analisis Hukum Ratifikasi dan Implementasi Konvensi-konvensi International Labour Organization (ILO) di Indonesia. Diponegoro Law Journal, 5(2), pp.1-15.
Kibreab, G., (2009). Forced labour in Eritrea. The Journal of Modern African Studies, p. 49.
Lerche, J. (2007). A global alliance against forced labour? Unfree labour, neo‐liberal globalization and the International Labour Organization. Journal of Agrarian Change, 7(4), pp.425-452.
Lonto, A.L., Lolong, W., & Pangalila, T. (2016). Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Bandung: Ombak.
Neumayer, E., & De Soysa, I. (2007). Globalisation, women's economic rights and forced labour. World Economy, 30(10), pp.1510-1535.
Prisnasari, I., (2019). Modern Slavery Pada Anak Buah Kapal (Abk) Perikanan Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurist-Diction, 2(2), pp.475-500.
Rodgers, G., Lee, E., Swepston, L., & Van Daele, J. (2009). The International Labour Organization and the quest for social justice, 1919-2009. Geneva: ILO.
Roht-Arriaza, N. (1990). State responsibility to investigate and prosecute grave human rights violations in international law. Calif. Lw Review., 78, p.449.
Salve, W.N., Apartment, S.P., & Shripadnagar, I. (2009). Labour rights and labour standards for migrant labour in India. OIT.ORG. Retrieved from http://www.oit.org/legacy/english/protection/travail/pdf/rdwpaper22a.pdf
Sengenberger, W. (2001). Decent Work: The International Labour Organization Agenda. Dialogue and Cooperation, 2, pp.39-55.
Shaw, M.N., (2003). International law. London: Cambridge University Press.
Sinaga, T.B. (2018). Peranan Hukum Internasional Dalam Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Hukum Unsrat, 1(2), 94-105.
Sitompul, R. (2015). Perlindungan Hukum Anak Buah Kapal dalam Kontrak Kerja dengan Pt. Samudra di Belawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum, 2(2), pp.162-168.
Suhartoyo, S., (2018). Perlindungan dan Keselamatan Kerja di kapal: suatu tinjauan normatif. Administrative Law & Governance Journal, 1(3), pp.306-325.
Swepston, L. (2009). The International Labour Organization And Human Rights: Access to the ILO. International Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms, 27, pp. 291-300.
Rizky, F., & Dian, S. (2020, May 8). Indonesian sailors’ deaths on Chinese fishing vessel raise questions about working conditions. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/05/07/indonesian-sailors-deaths-on-chinese-fishing-vessel-raise-questions-about-working-conditions.html
Vidianditha, K.R., Mangku, D.G.S., & Yuliartini, N.P.R. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum yang diberikan oleh Indonesia Kepada WNI sebagai Pelaku Perompakan Kapal (Studi Kasus: Perompakan Kapal Orkim Harmony Milik Malaysia). Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia, 3(1), pp.260-269.
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Published
07/11/2021
How to Cite
Gunawan, Y., & Arumbinang, M. H. (2021). Indonesian Forced-Labour Crew in Chinese Vessel: A Human Rights Perspective. Sociología Y Tecnociencia, 11(2), 115–133. Retrieved from https://revistas.uva.es/index.php/sociotecno/article/view/5421
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