Nanotecnologías dirigidas a necesidades sociales. Contribuciones de la investigación latinoamericana en medicina, energía y agua
Abstract
Este artículo examina, con base en informaciones provenientes de publicaciones científicas y grupos de investigación, el estado de la investigación en nanotecnología aplicada a las áreas de medicina, energía y agua en América Latina. Tales áreas han sido consideradas de especial relevancia para atender las necesidades sociales de los países en desarrollo. Mostramos que los países de la región han incorporado estas áreas a sus agendas de nanotecnología y que varios países poseen capacidades crecientes de investigación. No obstante, estas capacidades están concentradas en Brasil y México, y las redes regionales de colaboración son aún débiles. Aunque las temáticas de investigación tienden a alinearse con problemas sociales relevantes, persiste un conjunto de desafíos para que los resultados de las investigaciones se traduzcan efectivamente en mejorías en la calidad de vida.
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References
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Invernizzi, N., Foladori, G., & Maclurcan, D. (2008). Nanotechnology’s Controversial Role for the South. Science, Technology & Society, 13(1), 123–148. http://doi.org/10.1177/097172180701300105
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Jordan, C. C., Kaiser, I. N., & Moore, V. C. (2014). 2013 Nanotechnology Patent Literature Review: Graphitic Carbon-Based Nanotechnology and Energy Applications Are on the Rise. Nanotechnology Law & Business, 11(2), 111–125.
Juma, C., & Yee-Cheong, L. (Eds.). (2005). Innovation: applying knowledge in development. London: Earthscan. Retrieved from www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/Science-complete.pdfVisited
Khang, D., Carpenter, J., Chun, Y. W., Pareta, R., & Webster, T. J. (2010). Nanotechnology for regenerative medicine. Biomedical Microdevices, 12(4), 575–587. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-008-9264-6
Leach, M., & Scoones, I. (2006). The slow race. Making technology work for the poor. London: Demos.
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Saini, R., Saini, S., & Sharma, S. (2010). Nanotechnology: The future medicine. Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery, 3(1), 32. http://doi.org/10.4103/0974-2077.63301
Salamanca-Buentello, F., Persad, D. ., Court, E. ., Martin, D. ., Daar, A. ., & Singer, P. (2005). Nanotechnology and the Developing World. PLoS Medicine, 2(5). Retrieved from http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020097
Sarewitz, D. (2009). Pas de Trois: Science, Technology and the Marketplace. In Technology and Society. Building our Sociotechnical Future. Cambridge, Mass; London, England: MIT Press.
Singla, H., & Singla, N. (2014). Novel role of nanotechnology in medicine. International Journal of Biomedical Research, 5(8), 482–486.
Spivak L´Hoste, A., Hubert, M., Figueroa, S., & Andrini, L. (2012). La estructura de La investigación argentina em nanociencia y nanotecnología: balances y perspectivas. In G. Foladori, E. Záyago, & N. Invernizzi (Eds.), Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en América Latina. México, DF: Miguel Angel Porrúa.
UNESCO. (2006). The Ethics and politics of nanotechnology; 2007 - 145951e.pdf. UNESCO. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001459/145951e.pdf
VVAA. (2014). NMP-DeLA. Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and New Production Technologies. Deployment in Latin American Countries. FP7-NMP-2013-CSA-7. EU 7th Framework Programme.
Wagner, V., Hüsing, B., Gaisser, S., & Bock, A. (2008). Nanomedicine: Drivers for development and possible impacts. European Science and Technology Observatory. Retrieved from http://ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/JRC46744.pdf
Wilsdon, J., & Willis, R. (2004). See-Through Science. Why public engagement needs to move upstream. London: Demos.
Záyago Lau, E. (2011). A Nanotech Cluster in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Reflections on its Social Significance. Nanotehcnology Law and Business Journal, 8(1), 49–59.
Brahic, C. (2005, February 11). Developing world “needs nanotech network.” SciDev.Net. Retrieved from http://www.scidev.net/global/technology/news/developing-world-needs-nanotech-network.html
Brahic, C., & Dickson, D. (2005a, February 21). Helping the poor: the real challenge of nanotech. SciDev.Net. Retrieved from http://www.scidev.net/content/editorials/eng/helping-the-poor-the-real-challenge-of-nanotech.cfm
Brahic, C., & Dickson, D. (2005b, February 21). Helping the poor: the real challenge of nanotech. SciDev.Net. Retrieved from http://www.scidev.net/content/editorials/eng/helping-the-poor-the-real-challenge-of-nanotech.cfm
Calestous, J., & Yee-Cheong, L. (Eds.). (2005). Innovation: applying knowledge in development. London: Earthscan. Retrieved from www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/Science-complete.pdfVisited
Chiancone, A. (2012). Nanociencia y nanotecnologías en Uruguay: áreas estratégicas y temáticas grupales. In Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en América Latina (Foladori, G.; Invernizzi, N & Záyago, E). México, DF: Miguel Angel Porrúa.
CNPQ. (2013). Directorio de Grupos de Pesquisa no Brasil. Retrieved November 22, 2013, from http://dgp.cnpq.br/diretorioc/
Cozzens, S., Castillo, R., & et al. (2012). Equity, Equality and National Contexts: The US and South Africa as Environments for Nanotechnologies. Presented at the SNet Society for the Study of Nanotechnology and Emerging Technologies, University of Twente. Retrieved from http://www.utwente.nl/igs/conference/2012_snet_conference/presentaties/1501/25102012_cozzens_etal.pdf
Cozzens, S., Cortés, R., Soumonni, O., & Woodson, T. O. (2013). Nanotechnology and the millennium development goals: water, energy, and agri-food. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 15(2001). http://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-2001-y
Crow, M., & Sarewitz, D. (2001). Nanotechnology and Societal Transformation. In Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Arlington, Virginia: National Science Foundation. Retrieved from http://nanosioe.ee.ntu.edu.tw/Download/Course.../@@@Nanoelectronics/links/NanoReport_nano/Societal%20Implications%20of%20Nanoscience%20and%20Nanotechnology%28Nsf200103%29%E2%98%85.pdf#page=53
ETC group. (2003). The Big Down: Atomtech - Technologies Converging at the Nano-scale. ETC (Erosion Technology and Concentration). Retrieved from http://www.etcgroup.org/content/big-down-0
ETC group. (2004, November). La invasión invisible del campo. El impacto de las tecnologías nanoscópicas en la alimentación y agricultura. ETC (Erosion Technology and Concentration). Retrieved from http://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/publication/80/02/etc_dotfarm2004.pdf
ETP Nanomedicine–NANOMED2020. (2013, May). Contribution of Nanomedicine to Horizon 2020. NanoMedicine European Technology Platform. Retrieved from http://www.etp-nanomedicine.eu/public/press-documents/publications/etpn-publications/etpn-white-paper-H2020
FAN. (2012). Quién es quién en nanotecnología. Buenos Aires: Fundación Argentina de Nanotecnología.
Foladori, G. (2013). Nanotechnology Policies in Latin America: Risks to Health and Environment. Nanoethics, 7(2), 135–147. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11569-013-0178-2
Foladori, G., Figueroa, S., Záyago, E., & Invernizzi, N. (2012a). Características distintivas del desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en América Latina. Sociológicas, 14(30), 330–363.
Foladori, G., Figueroa, S., Záyago, E., & Invernizzi, N. (2012b). Nanotechnology: Distinctive Features in Latin America. Nanotechnology Law & Business Journal, 9, 88–103.
Hassan, M. H. A. (2005). NANOTECHNOLOGY: Small Things and Big Changes in the Developing World. Science, 309(5731), 65–66. http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1111138
INEGI. (n.d.). Encuesta sobre Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico y Módulo sobre Actividades de Biotecnología y Nanotecnología (ESIDET-MBN) 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/encuestas/establecimientos/otras/esidet_mbn/default.aspx
Invernizzi, N. (2010). Science Policy and Social Inclusion: Advances and Limits of Brazilian Nanotechnology Policy. In Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society (Vol. Vol II: The Challenges of Equity, Equality and Development, pp. 291–307). New York: Springer.
Invernizzi, N., Foladori, G., & Maclurcan, D. (2008). Nanotechnology’s Controversial Role for the South. Science, Technology & Society, 13(1), 123–148. http://doi.org/10.1177/097172180701300105
Invernizzi, N., Hubert, M., & Vinck, D. (2014). Nanoscience and nanotechnology: how an emerging area on the scientifica agenda of the core countries has been adopted and transformed in Latin America. In Beyond imported magic. Essays on science, technology and society in Latin America. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Invernizzi, N., Korbes, C., & Fuck, M. P. (2012). Política de nanotecnología en Brasil: a 10 años de las primeras redes. In G. Foladori, E. Záyago, & N. Invernizzi, (Eds.), Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en América Latina. México, DF.
Jordan, C. C., Kaiser, I. N., & Moore, V. C. (2014). 2013 Nanotechnology Patent Literature Review: Graphitic Carbon-Based Nanotechnology and Energy Applications Are on the Rise. Nanotechnology Law & Business, 11(2), 111–125.
Juma, C., & Yee-Cheong, L. (Eds.). (2005). Innovation: applying knowledge in development. London: Earthscan. Retrieved from www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/Science-complete.pdfVisited
Khang, D., Carpenter, J., Chun, Y. W., Pareta, R., & Webster, T. J. (2010). Nanotechnology for regenerative medicine. Biomedical Microdevices, 12(4), 575–587. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-008-9264-6
Leach, M., & Scoones, I. (2006). The slow race. Making technology work for the poor. London: Demos.
Mahlknecht, J., & Pastén Zapata, E. (Coord). (2013). Diagnóstico de los Recursos Hídricos en América Latina. Monterrey, México: Centro del Agua para América Latina y el Caribe.
Meridian Institute. (2005a). Global Dialogue on Nanotechnology and the Poor - Meridian Institute. Retrieved February 18, 2015, from http://www.merid.org/nano
Meridian Institute. (2005b, January). white papers with text - Global Dialogue on Nanotechnology and the Poor Opportunities and Risks.pdf. Meridian Institute. Retrieved from https://docs.merid.org/SITECORE_DOCS/Global%20Dialogue%20on%20Nanotechnology%20and%20the%20Poor%20Opportunities%20and%20Risks.pdf
Mnyusiwalla, A., Daar, A. S., & Singer, P. A. (2003). Mind the gap : science and ethics in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology, 14(3), R9–R13. http://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/14/3/201
Naciones Unidas. (2014). Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Informe de 2014. Naciones Unidas. Retrieved from http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/MDG/spanish/UNDP_MDGReport_SP_2014Final1.pdf
National Nanotechnology Initiative. (n.d.). Benefits and Applications | Nano. Retrieved October 22, 2014, from http://www.nano.gov/you/nanotechnology-benefits
OECD. (2011). Fostering nanotechnology to address global challenges. Water. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/sti/nano/47601818.pdf
Plentz, F. (2013, September). Brazilian Nanotechnology Initiative. Presented at the Workshop Nanotecnologia e Sociedade na América Latina. Nanotecnologia e Trabalho, Curitiba, UFPR.
Royal Society (Great Britain), R. A. of E. (Great B. (2004). Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties. London: Royal Society : Royal Academy of Engineering.
Saini, R., Saini, S., & Sharma, S. (2010). Nanotechnology: The future medicine. Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery, 3(1), 32. http://doi.org/10.4103/0974-2077.63301
Salamanca-Buentello, F., Persad, D. ., Court, E. ., Martin, D. ., Daar, A. ., & Singer, P. (2005). Nanotechnology and the Developing World. PLoS Medicine, 2(5). Retrieved from http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020097
Sarewitz, D. (2009). Pas de Trois: Science, Technology and the Marketplace. In Technology and Society. Building our Sociotechnical Future. Cambridge, Mass; London, England: MIT Press.
Singla, H., & Singla, N. (2014). Novel role of nanotechnology in medicine. International Journal of Biomedical Research, 5(8), 482–486.
Spivak L´Hoste, A., Hubert, M., Figueroa, S., & Andrini, L. (2012). La estructura de La investigación argentina em nanociencia y nanotecnología: balances y perspectivas. In G. Foladori, E. Záyago, & N. Invernizzi (Eds.), Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo de las nanotecnologías en América Latina. México, DF: Miguel Angel Porrúa.
UNESCO. (2006). The Ethics and politics of nanotechnology; 2007 - 145951e.pdf. UNESCO. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001459/145951e.pdf
VVAA. (2014). NMP-DeLA. Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and New Production Technologies. Deployment in Latin American Countries. FP7-NMP-2013-CSA-7. EU 7th Framework Programme.
Wagner, V., Hüsing, B., Gaisser, S., & Bock, A. (2008). Nanomedicine: Drivers for development and possible impacts. European Science and Technology Observatory. Retrieved from http://ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/JRC46744.pdf
Wilsdon, J., & Willis, R. (2004). See-Through Science. Why public engagement needs to move upstream. London: Demos.
Záyago Lau, E. (2011). A Nanotech Cluster in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Reflections on its Social Significance. Nanotehcnology Law and Business Journal, 8(1), 49–59.
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Published
25/01/2016
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Invernizzi, N., Foladori, G., Robles-Belmont, E., Záyago-Lau, E., Arteaga Figueroa, E., Bagattolli, C., Carrozza, T., Chiancone, A., & Urquijo, W. (2016). Nanotecnologías dirigidas a necesidades sociales. Contribuciones de la investigación latinoamericana en medicina, energía y agua. Sociología Y Tecnociencia, 2(5), 01–30. Retrieved from https://revistas.uva.es/index.php/sociotecno/article/view/678
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