Chastity, Self-Control, and Abstinence in the Digital Age: Quranic, Hadith, and Psychological Perspectives on the Effects of Social Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/6z52ax27Keywords:
Religious awareness, Chastity, Values, Social media, Abstinence, the Qur’an, the Hadiths, PsychologyAbstract
In the digital age, chastity, self-control, and abstinence face unprecedented challenges. To what extent can religious awareness preserve these values in the face of the influence of social media? Can repeated exposure to digital content transform individuals’ ethical perceptions, weakening principles that the Qur’an and the Hadiths present as fundamental? What role does psychology play in explaining the tension between faith, desire, and online behavior? Using a descriptive-analytical approach and opinion surveys, this study explores whether religious guidance remains an effective instrument for promoting moral change and reinforcing dignity in contemporary society.
Downloads
References
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
Primero: Bibliografía en Árabe
Abdul Razzaq, al-San‘ani. 1403 AH. Al-Musannaf. Ed. Habib al-Rahman al-Azhami. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyah, 2nd ed.
Abu al-Sa‘ud, Muhammad al-‘Imadi. s. f. Irshad al-‘Aqal al-Saleem ila Mazaya al-Qur’an al-Kareem (Tafseer Abu al-Sa‘ud). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Abu Hayyan, Muhammad bin Yusuf al-Andalusi. 2001. Tafseer al-Bahr al-Muḥeed. Ed. Adel Ahmad Abdul Mawjood et al. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Ahmad bin Hanbal al-Shaybani. s. f. Al-Musnad. Egypt: Dar al-Qurtubah.
Al-‘Ayni, Badr al-Din. s. f. ‘Umdat al-Qari, Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Al-Ayib, M., and K. Ramadan. 2023. “Al-Muhtawa al-Tafrehi ‘Abar Shabakat al-Tawasol al-Ijtima‘i wa Ikhtiraq al-Qiyam al-Thaqafiya lada al-Shabab al-Jaza’iri.” Al-Majalla al-Duwaliya li al-Dirasat al-Insaniyah 2(1): 117–134.
Al-Baghawi. s. f. Tafseer al-Baghawi. Ed. Khalid Abdul Rahman al-‘Akk. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah.
Al-Barkati, Muhammad Ameen al-Ihsan. 1986. Qawa‘id al-Fiqh. Karachi: al-Sadaf Publishers, 1st ed.
Al-Baydawi. s. f. Tafseer al-Baydawi. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Farahidi, al-Khalil bin Ahmad. s. f. Al-‘Ayn. Ed. Mahdi al-Makhzoumi and Ibrahim al-Samarra’i. Beirut: Dar wa Maktabah al-Hilal.
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1975. Ma‘arij al-Quds fi Ma‘arifat Madarij Ma‘arifat al-Nafs. Beirut: Dar al-Afaq al-Jadida, 2nd ed.
Al-Hakim, al-Nisaburi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah. 1990. Al-Mustadrak ‘ala al-Sahihayn. Ed. Mustafa Abdul Qader Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Al-Hamydi, Muhammad bin Abu Nasr. 1995. Tafseer Gharib ma fi al-Sahihayn al-Bukhari wa Muslim. Ed. Zubaida Muhammad Said Abdul Aziz. Cairo: Maktabah al-Sunnah, 1st ed.
Al-Jassas, Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Ali. 1405 AH. Ahkam al-Qur’an. Ed. Muhammad al-Sadiq Qamhawi. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Al-Mulla al-Qari, Ali bin Sultan. 2001. Mirqat al-Mafateeh, Sharh Mishkat al-Masabih. Ed. Jamal Itani. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Al-Munawi, Abdul-Rauf. 1356 AH. Fayd al-Qadeer, Sharh al-Jami‘ al-Saghir. Egypt: Maktabah al-Tijariyah al-Kubra, 1st ed.
—. 1988. Al-Tayseer bi Sharh al-Jami‘ al-Saghir. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Imam al-Shafi‘i, 1st ed.
Al-Qurtubi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad. s. f. Al-Jami‘ li Ahkam al-Qur’an. Cairo: Dar al-Sha‘ab.
Al-Raghib al-Asfahani, Abu al-Qasim al-Hussein bin Muhammad. n. d. Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Qur’an. Makkah: Maktabah Nizar Mustafa al-Baz.
Al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din Muhammad. 2000. Mafateeh al-Ghayb (Al-Tafseer al-Kabeer). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Al-Sa‘di, Abdul Rahman bin Nasser. 2000. Taysir al-Kareem al-Rahman fi Tafseer Kalam al-Mannan (Tafseer al-Sa‘di). Ed. Ibn Uthaymeen. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Shanqiti, Muhammad al-Amin. 1995. Adwa’ al-Bayan fi Izhah al-Qur’an bil-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Shawkani, Muhammad bin Ali. s. f. Fath al-Qadeer al-Jami‘ baina Fanni al-Riwayah wa al-Dirayah min ‘Ilm al-Tafseer. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din. 1986. Sharh al-Suyuti li Sunan al-Nasa’i. Ed. Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuda. Aleppo: Maktabah al-Matbu‘at al-Islamiyah, 2nd ed.
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja‘far Muhammad bin Jareer. 1405 AH. Jami‘ al-Bayan ‘an Ta’weel Ayi al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
—. 1995. Tahdheeb al-Athar (Musnad Umar bin al-Khattab). Ed. Ali Reza. Syria: Dar al-Mamoon li al-Turath, 1st ed.
Al-Taftazani, Sa‘d al-Din. 1981. Sharh al-Maqasid fi ‘Ilm al-Kalam. Pakistan: Dar al-Ma‘arif al-Othmaniyah, 1st ed.
—. 1996. Sharh al-Talwih ‘ala al-Tawdi‘ li Matn al-Tanqih fi Usul al-Fiqh. Ed. Zakariya Amirat. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.
Al-Tha‘alibi, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad bin Makhlouf. s. f. Al-Jawahir al-Hissan fi Tafseer al-Qur’an. Beirut: Al-A‘lami Foundation for Publications.
Al-Tha‘labi, Ahmad bin Muhammad. 2002. Al-Kashf wa al-Bayan (Tafseer al-Thaalibi). Ed. Abu Muhammad bin ‘Ashour. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi, 1st ed.
Al-Zamakhshari, Abu al-Qasim Mahmood. s. f. Al-Kashaf ‘an Haqa’iq al-Tanzeel wa ‘Uyoon al-Aqawil fi Wujuh al-Ta’wil. Ed. Abdul Razzaq al-Mahdi. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Al-Zurqani, Muhammad bin Abdul Baqi. 1411 AH. Sharh al-Zarqani ‘ala Muwatta’ al-Imam Malik. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
‘I yād, al-Qadi Abu al-Fadl al-Yahsubi al-Sabti. s. f. Mashariq al-Anwar ‘ala Sahih al-Athar. Tunisia/Cairo: Al-Maktabah al-‘Atiqah wa Dar al-Turath.
Ibn ‘Atiyah, Abu Muhammad Abdul-Haqq al-Andalusi. 1993. Al-Muharrar al-Wajeez fi Tafseer al-Kitab al-‘Aziz. Ed. Abdul-Salam Abdul-Shafi Muhammad. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Ibn Abdul Barr, Abu Umar al-Qurtubi. 1978. Jami‘ Bayan al-‘Ilm wa Fadlahu, wa ma Yanbaghi fi Riwayatihi wa Hamlihi. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.
Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi, Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad. s. f. Tafseer al-Qur’an. Ed. As‘ad Muhammad al-Tayeb. Sidon: Al-Maktabah al-‘Asriyah.
Ibn al-‘Arabi, Abu Bakr al-Ma‘afiri Muhammad bin Abdullah. s. f. Ahkam al-Qur’an. Ed. Muhammad Abdul Qadir Ata. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn al-Athir, Abu al-Sa‘adat al-Mubarak. 1979. Al-Nihayah fi Gharib al-Hadith wa al-Athar. Ed. Tahir Ahmad al-Zawi and Mahmoud Mohammad al-Tanahi. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.
Ibn al-Bukhari, Jamal al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad. 1419 AH. Mashykhat Ibn al-Bukhari. Ed. Awwad Atiq Saad al-Hazmi. Makkah: Dar Alam al-Fouad, 1st ed.
Ibn Faris, Ahmad al-Qazwini al-Razi. 1999. Maqayis al-Lughah. Ed. Abdul-Salam Muhammad Haroon. Beirut: Dar al-Jil, 2nd ed.
Ibn Hajar, Abu al-Fadl Ahmad bin Ali al-‘Asqalani. s. f. Fath al-Bari Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari. Ed. Mahbub al-Din al-Khatib. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah.
Ibn Juzay, Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Kalbi. 1983. Al-Tashil li ‘Uloom al-Tanzeel. Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-‘Arabi, 4th ed.
Ibn Kathir, Abu al-Fida Isma‘il. 1401 AH. Tafseer al-Qur’an al-‘Azeem. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Sidah, Ali bin Ismail. 2000. Al-Muhkam wa al-Muheet al-A‘zam. Ed. Abdul Hamid Hindawi. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1st ed.
Klaina, Mekki. 2002. Al-Nuzum al-Ta‘leemiyyah ‘Inda al-Muhaddithin fi al-Qurun al-Thalathah al-Oula. Rabat: Matba‘ah Top Press, 1st ed.
—. 2025. “Al-Tasamuh fi al-Qur’an wa al-Sunna, wa Ada‘at al-Munkirun.” Asian Journal of Islamic Studies and Da‘wah 3(2): 214–240. https://doi.org/10.58578/AJISD.v3i2.5177.
Segundo: Bibliografía en otras lenguas
Ahmad, Ibn Hanbal. 2012. Al-Musnad. Trans. Nassiruddin al-Khattab. Riyadh: Darussalam, 1st ed.
Al-Bukhārī, A. A. M. 1997. Sahīh al-Bukhārī. Trans. M. M. Khan. Riyadh: Darussalam.
—. 2003. Sahīh al-Bukhārī: Versión resumida. Traducción: Lic. Isa Amer Quevedo. Argentina: Oficina de Cultura y Difusión Islámica.
Al-Qur’an. https://alqurantranslations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Al-Quran-Spanish-KFP.pdf
Al-Tirmidhi, Abu ‘Issa Mohammad. 2007. Jami‘ Al-Tirmidhi. Trans. Abu Khalyl. Riyadh: Darussalam, 1st ed.
Andreassen, C. S., S. Pallesen, and M. D. Griffiths. 2017. “The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey.” Addictive Behaviors 64: 287–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006.
Bandura, A. 1977. Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Gawronski, B. 2019. “Cognitive dissonance theory: A review of the evidence.” Social Cognition 37(1): 1–25.
Haidt, J., and C. Joseph. 2007. “L’esprit moral: Comment cinq ensembles d’intuitions innées guident le développement de nombreuses vertus culturelles.” In L’esprit inné, vol. 3: Fondements et avenir, 367–391. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Hollan, J., E. Hutchins, and D. Kirsh. 2000. “Distributed cognition: Toward a new foundation for human-computer interaction research.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 7(2): 174–196.
Hou, J. et al. 2019. “Social media addiction: Its impact, mediation, and intervention.” Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace 13(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.5817/CP2019-1-4.
Klaina, M. 2023. “Religious Discourse in the Media Arab.” Living Islam Journal of Islamic Discourses 6(2): 199–218. https://doi.org/10.14421/lijid.v6i2.4488.
Klaina, M. 2024b. “Islamic Scientific Research: Its importance in serving society and mechanisms for its integration.” Al-Fadlan Journal of Islamic Education and Teaching 2(2): 77–98. https://doi.org/10.61166/fadlan.v2i2.69.
Klaina, Mekki, and D. I. Ansusa Putra. 2024a. “Al-Tasāmuh or Tolerance in the Qur’an and Sunnah? And Claims of the Deniers.” Living Islam Journal of Islamic Discourses 7(1): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.14421/lijid.v7i1.5367.
Koenig, H. G. 2012. “Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications.” ISRN Psychiatry 2012, Article ID 278730. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/278730.
Muslim, Abu al-Hajjaj. 2007. Sahih Muslim. Trans. Nasiruddin al-Khattab. Riyadh: Darussalam, 1st ed.
—. s. f. Sahih Muslim. Traducción: ‘Abdu Rahmân Colombo Al-Ÿerrâhî. Argentina: Oficina de Cultura y Difusión Islámica.
Tajfel, H., and J. C. Turner. 1979. “An integrative theory of intergroup conflict.” In The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations, 33–47. USA: Brooks/Cole.
Trepte, S., and L. S. Loy. 2017. “Social identity theory and self-categorization theory.” In P. Rössler, C. A. Hoffner, and L. van Zoonen (eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, 1832–1845. USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Valkenburg, P. M., and J. Peter. 2011. “Online communication among adolescents: An integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks.” Journal of Adolescent Health 48(2): 121–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.08.020.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mekki Klaina, Halima Kmichou
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The articles published at Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion will have a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
The journal allows the authors to retain publishing rights. Authors may reprint their articles in other media without having to request authorization, provided they indicate that the article was originally published in Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion.