Peace in perspective: the historical development of Peace Studies and the Bahá'í concept
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/jstr.1.2022.297-321Keywords:
Peace; Violence; Bahá’í; Religion; Peace Studies.Abstract
This article has as objective to discuss how the peace concept evolved along with the history, and subsequently, to examine how this concept dialogue with the perspective provided by Bahá’í Faith according to authoritative texts and experts. Aiming to provide an overview for a discussion of a term in flux, this exploratory analysis was conducted aiming to respond to the following question: which are the interfaces between the discussion on peace developed by Peace Studies and the conceptual framework provided also on peace by Bahá’í Faith? The research shows that there are intersections both in concepts of peace and violence. Moreover, Bahá’í Faith brings an additional contribution to Peace Studies, which is a unique discussion on human nature and the principle of the oneness of mankind.
Downloads
References
‘Abdu’l-Bahá. 1875. The Secret of Divine Civilization. Available at: https://www.bahai.org/library/authoritative-texts/abdul-baha/secret-divine-civilization. Access: May 18th, 2021.
Akinyoade, Demola. 2012. Ontology and Epistemology for Peace and Conflict Studies, Paper presented at International Conference on the Security Sector and Conflict Management in Nigeria, Institute of African Studies, Abadan, Nigeria.
Bahá’u’lláh. 1978. Proclamation of Bahá’u’lláh. Wilmette, US Bahá’í Publishing Trust.
Barash, David & Webel, Charles. 2002. Peace and Conflict Studies. London, Sage.
Boulding, K. E. 1977. “Twelve friendly quarrels with Johan Galtung”. Journal of Peace Research, 14(1), 75-86.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1989. “Social Space and Symbolic Power”, Sociological Theory, 7(1), pp.18-26; Bourdieu, Pierre (1998) La Dominación Masculina. Paris: Seuil
Emmel, Aaaron. 2012. Human Rights in an Advancing Civilization. Oxford, George Ronald.
Farhoumand-Sims, C.A. and Lerche, Charles. 2004. “Perspectives on Peacebuilding: An Overview and Some Insights from the Bahá’í Writings”. In: Lerche, C. Healing the Body Politic. Oxford: George Ronald.
Ferreira, M. and Karlberg, M. 2017. “Bahá’í Faith”. In: Paul Joseph Editor, 2017. The SAGE Encyclopedia of War: Social Science Perspectives, Thousand Oaks,, CA: SAGE. pp. 131-133 Available at: <http://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781483359878.n57> [Accessed 18 May 2021].
Ferreira, Marcos Alan S. V. 2019. “As origens dos estudos para a paz e seus conceitos elementares: paz, violência, conflito e guerra”. In: Ferreira, Marcos Alan S. V., Maschietto, Roberta Holanda & Kuhlmann, Paulo R. Loyolla (Orgs.). Estudos para a paz: conceitos e debates. São Cristóvão, Editora UFS.
Ferreira, Marcos Alan S. V. and Nogueira, Sílvia Garcia. 2019. “Identidade, Cultura e Religião nos Estudos para a Paz”. In: Ferreira, Marcos Alan S. V., Maschietto, Roberta Holanda & Kuhlmann, Paulo R. Loyolla (Orgs.). Estudos para a paz: conceitos e debates. São Cristóvão, Editora UFS.
Ferreira, Marcos Alan S. V. 2020. Análise de Política Externa em Perspectiva: atores, processos e novos temas. João Pessoa, Editora UFPB.
Galtung, Johan. 1964. “Editorial”, Journal of Peace Research, n.1.
Galtung, Johan. 1973. “World Indicators Program”, Security Dialogue, 4 (1973), pp.354-358.
Galtung, Johan. 1985. “Twenty-Five Years of Peace Research: Ten Challenges and Some Responses”, Journal of Peace Research, 22(2), pp.141-158.
Galtung, Johan. 1990. 'Cultural Violence', Journal of Peace Research, 27(3), August..
Galtung, Johan. 1996. Peace by Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict, Development and Civilization. Oslo/London: PRIO/Sage
Grotten, Hubert and Jürgen Jansen. 1981. 'Interpreters and Lobbies for Positive Peace', Journal of Peace Research, 18(2), pp.175-181.
Heyn, U. 1990. Peace movements in medieval Europe: A reappraisal. Interdisciplinary Peace Research, 2(2), 23–35. doi:10.1080/14781159008412724
Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity. 2009. Advancing toward the Equality of Women and Men. Available at: https://www.globalprosperity.org/media/documents/ISGP_Advancing_Toward_the_Equality_of_Women_and_Men.pdf. Access: May 18th, 2021.
Jeong, Ho-Won. 2000. Peace and Conflict Studies: an introduction. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, p. 7.
Kant, Immanuel. 1795. Perpetual Peace. Available in: https://books.google.com.br/books?id=UyMCkeBdcMkC.
Köhler, Gernot and Norman Alcock. 1976. “An Empirical Table of Structural Violence”, Journal of Peace Research, 13(4), pp. 343-356
Sabet, Ariane. 2004. “Bahá’u’lláh Concept of Collective Security in Historical and Theoretical Perspective”. In: Lerche, C. Healing the Body Politic. Oxford: George Ronald.
Saint-Pierre, M. L'Abbe. 2008. An Abridged Version of the Project for Perpetual Peace. Valetta, Midsea.
Silva, Joyce K. C. 2019. Silva, J. K. C. Guerra justa insuficiente: a ideia da paz justa na construção da paz pós-guerra no cristianismo. Conjuntura Internacional. 16(3), p. 34-41.
Smith, Anthony. 1992. “National Identity and the Idea of European Unity”, International Affairs, 68(1), p.55-76.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Phylosophy. 2013. Cosmopolitanism. Available in: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cosmopolitanism/. Access: May 17th 2021.
Universal House of Justice. 1985. The Promise of World Peace. Available at: https://www.bahai.org/library/authoritative-texts/the-universal-house-of-justice/messages/19851001_001/1#484686104. Access: May 18th, 2021.
Wallensteen, Peter. 2001. “The Growing Peace Research Agenda”, Kroc Institute Occasional Paper #21, Op.4, South Bend: Univ. of Notre Dame, p. 3
Webel, Charles. 2007. “Introduction: toward a philosophy and metapsychology of peace”. In: Johan Galtung & Charles Webel. Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies. New York, Routledge.
Weigert, K. M. 1999. “Structural violence”. In: Kurtz, L. (Ed.). Encyclopedia of violence, peace and conflict (vol. 3). Fairfax: Academic Press.
Youngs, Nigel 2013. “Concepts of Peace: From 1913 to the Present”, Ethics & International Affairs, 27 (2).
Published
Versions
- 2022-03-20 (3)
- 2022-03-19 (2)
- 2022-03-19 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Marcos Alan Ferreira

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The articles published at Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion will have a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
The journal allows the authors to retain publishing rights. Authors may reprint their articles in other media without having to request authorization, provided they indicate that the article was originally published in Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion.
