Pathobiography of the Brontë family (1777-1861)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/aramcv.57.2022.243-255Keywords:
Brontë family, tuberculosis, Asperger's syndrome, Drug dependenceAbstract
Patrick Brontë was born in Ireland in 1777 from a very humble family, he learnt himself to read and write, studied at the University of Cambridge and was ordained as a priest following the Methodist current, he published some poems and various essays. He married Mary Branwell in 1812; the marriage settled in the north of England, Yorkshire, and had six children: Mary (1813), Elizabeth (1815), Charlotte (1816), Patrick Branwell (1817), Emily Jane (1818) and Anne (1829).
Mary and Elizabeth died of tuberculosis when they were 11 and 9 years old, respectively.
Charlotte and Emily studied in Brussels and later worked as governesses.
Charlotte, Emily, and Anne published a book of poems under a male pseudonym and subsequently a series of three novels: Jane Eyre (Charlotte), Wuthering Heights (Emily), and Agnes Grey (Anne).
Patrick Branwell devoted himself to painting and later became a tutor. He was an opium addict and alcoholic, and died of tuberculosis in September 1848.
Emily, in addition to tuberculosis, had Asperger's syndrome and also died of tuberculosis on September 19, 1848, very depressed by the adverse reviews of her novel Wuthering Heights.
Anne was asthmatic and tuberculosis. She wrote a second play, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, and died in Scarborough on 28 May 1849.
Charlotte wrote The Professor (published posthumously in (1857), Shirley (1849), Villete (1853) and left Emma outlined. In 1854 she married her father's coadjutor, Arthur Bell Nicholls, and died on 31 March 1855 of tuberculosis.
In 1857, Elizabeth Gaskell published the biography of Charlotte Brontë, one of the best biographies in English literature.
The Reverend Patrick Brontë died in 1861.
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