Takotsubo syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24197/cl.29.2024.25-31Keywords:
Stress, Catecholamine, Transient systolic dysfunctionAbstract
Takotsubo Syndrome, also known as stress cardiomyopathy or "broken heart syndrome," is a temporary cardiac condition that mimics an acute myocardial infarction, presenting with symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath, but without significant obstruction in the coronary arteries. This syndrome is primarily triggered by intense emotional or physical stress, such as the loss of a loved one, an accident, or surgery, highlighting its direct connection with stress processes.
Although the exact pathophysiology is not fully understood, it is believed that a sudden increase in catecholamine levels, the hormones released in response to stress, causes a transient dysfunction of the left ventricle. Diagnosis is based on the identification of transient ventricular dysfunction, the absence of significant coronary artery obstruction, changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG), or mild elevations in cardiac markers, and the complete recovery of ventricular function within weeks.
Rapid identification is crucial, as, although the syndrome is generally reversible, it can lead to serious complications such as heart failure and arrhythmias. A precise diagnosis allows for appropriate treatment and differentiation from other, more dangerous cardiac conditions.
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